B234118

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
BEFORE FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION

In the Matter of

JENNY CRAIG, INC., a corporation, and JENNY CRAIG INTERNATIONAL, INC., a corporation.

DOCKET NO. 9260

AMENDED COMPLAINT

The Federal Trade Commission, having reason to believe that Jenny Craig, Inc., a corporation, and Jenny Craig International, Inc., a corporation ("Jenny Craig" or "respondents"), have violated the provisions of the Federal Trade Commission Act, and it appearing to the Commission that a proceeding by it in respect thereof would be in the public interest, alleges:

PARAGRAPH ONE: Respondent Jenny Craig International, Inc., a California Corporation, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of respondent Jenny Craig, Inc., a Delaware Corporation. Jenny Craig, Inc. dominates and controls the acts and practices of Jenny Craig International, Inc. Both corporations maintain their offices and principal places of business at 445 Marine View Avenue, #300, Del Mar, California 92014.

PARAGRAPH TWO: Respondents have advertised, offered for sale, and sold weight loss and weight maintenance services and products, including 1000 to 1500 calorie-a-day weight loss programs which they make available to consumers at numerous company-owned and franchised "Jenny Craig Weight Loss Centres" nationwide. These products also include "food" within the meaning of Sections 12 and 15 of the Federal Trade Commission Act.

PARAGRAPH THREE: The acts and practices of respondents alleged in this complaint have been in or affecting commerce, as "commerce" is defined in Section 4 of the Federal Trade Commission Act.

PARAGRAPH FOUR: Respondents have disseminated or have caused to be disseminated advertisements for the Jenny Craig Weight Loss Program, including but not necessarily limited to the attached Exhibits A through V.

SUCCESS CLAIMS

PARAGRAPH FIVE: The advertisements referred to in PARAGRAPH FOUR, including but not necessarily limited to the attached Exhibits A through I and Exhibit N, contain the following statements:

(a) "Jeanne-Mer Garcia lost 81 lbs." (Exhibit A)

(b) "Maggie Cardoza lost 105 lbs." (Exhibit B)

(c) "Toni Todd lost 32 lbs." (Exhibit C)

(d) "Carol Puckett lost 100 lbs." (Exhibit D)

(e) "Faith Shipp lost 95 lbs." (Exhibits E and N)

(f) "[Claudine St. Clair] lost 18 lbs." (Exhibit F)

(g) "Evelyn Moore lost 52 lbs." (Exhibit G)

(h) "Jaynie Qualls lost 71 lbs." (Exhibit H)

(i) "Kathy Chamblin lost 73 lbs." (Exhibit I)

PARAGRAPH SIX: Through the use of the statements contained in the advertisements referred to in PARAGRAPH FIVE, including but not necessarily limited to the statements in the advertisements attached as Exhibits A-I and N, respondents have represented, directly or by implication, that Jenny Craig customers typically are successful in reaching their weight loss goals.

PARAGRAPH SEVEN: Through the use of the statements contained in the advertisements referred to in PARAGRAPH FIVE, including but not necessarily limited to the statements in the advertisements attached as Exhibits A-I and N, respondents have represented, directly or by implication, that at the time they made the representation set forth in PARAGRAPH SIX, respondents possessed and relied upon a reasonable basis that substantiated the representation.

PARAGRAPH EIGHT: In truth and in fact, at the time they made the representation set forth in PARAGRAPH SIX, respondents did not possess and rely upon a reasonable basis that substantiated such representation. Therefore, the representation set forth in PARAGRAPH SEVEN was, and is, false and misleading.

PARAGRAPH NINE: The advertisements referred to in PARAGRAPH FOUR, including but not necessarily limited to the attached Exhibit B and Exhibits D through M, contain the following statements:

(a) "I'd tried a million other weight loss programs, but I'd always gain the weight back." (Exhibit D)

(b) "I lost 95 pounds in just over six months. And, I've kept the weight off for nearly one year!" (Exhibit E)

(c) "I lost eighteen pounds in only six weeks. And I've kept the weight off for over a year." (Exhibit F)

(d) "My weight slowly crept up over the years. I joined Jenny Craig because I wanted to lose those extra pounds -- permanently." (Exhibit G)

(e) "I've been overweight so long that I just felt like I was destined to be fat. And now look at me. . . What I learned from Jenny Craig is moderation. Anyone can lose weight. But the key is to learn how to keep it off. And that's what the Lifestyle Classes do." (Exhibit H)

(f) "I used to dream that one day I'd wake up and be slim. Thanks to Jenny Craig, it happened. I tried other programs, but the second I'd go off, I'd gain everything back and then some. While they helped me lose weight, they never taught me how to eat in the real world and keep it off." (Exhibit I)

(g) "And most importantly, I've learned how to maintain my weight. That's key." "Y lo más importante es que he aprendido a mantener mi peso. Eso es la clave." (Exhibits B and J)

(h) "I've kept [89 pounds] off nearly two years." (Exhibit K)

(i) "If you discovered a way to control your weight, who would you tell? 'My Mom and Dad' 'My doubles partner' . . . That's what these successful Jenny Craig clients did." (Exhibit L)

(j) "You know, I [Jenny Craig] get so many letters from people. Sometimes they, they write to me even after they've had their weight off for maybe two or three years. . . I never get tired of hearing about the successes." (Exhibit M)

PARAGRAPH TEN: Through the use of the statements contained in the advertisements referred to in PARAGRAPH NINE, including but not necessarily limited to the statements in the advertisements attached as Exhibits B and D-M, respondents have represented, directly or by implication, that:

(a) Overweight or obese Jenny Craig customers typically are successful in reaching their weight loss goals and maintaining their weight loss either long-term or permanently, and

(b) Jenny Craig customers typically are successful in maintaining their weight loss achieved under the Jenny Craig Weight Loss Program.

PARAGRAPH ELEVEN: Through the use of the statements contained in the advertisements referred to in PARAGRAPH NINE, including but not necessarily limited to the statements in the advertisements attached as Exhibits B and D-M, respondents have represented, directly or by implication, that at the time they made the representations set forth in PARAGRAPH TEN, respondents possessed and relied upon a reasonable basis that substantiated such representations.

PARAGRAPH TWELVE: In truth and in fact, at the time respondents made the representations set forth in PARAGRAPH TEN, they did not possess and rely upon a reasonable basis that substantiated such representations. Therefore, the representation as set forth in PARAGRAPH ELEVEN was, and is, false and misleading.

PROJECTION OF WEIGHT LOSS CLAIM

PARAGRAPH THIRTEEN: In the routine course and conduct of their business, respondents state, during the initial sales presentation, that consumers typically will reach their desired weight loss goal within the time frame set by respondents' "PD Presentation" computer program.

PARAGRAPH FOURTEEN: In truth and in fact, consumers typically will not reach their desired weight loss goal within the time frame set by respondents' "PD Presentation" computer program. Therefore, the representation set forth in PARAGRAPH THIRTEEN was, and is, false and misleading.

PARAGRAPH FIFTEEN: Through the use of the statements described in PARAGRAPH THIRTEEN, respondents have represented, directly or by implication, that at the time they made the representation set forth in PARAGRAPH THIRTEEN, respondents possessed and relied upon a reasonable basis for the representation.

PARAGRAPH SIXTEEN: In truth and in fact, at the time respondents made the representation set forth in PARAGRAPH THIRTEEN, they did not possess and rely upon a reasonable basis that substantiated such representation. Therefore, the representation set forth in PARAGRAPH FIFTEEN was, and is, false and misleading.

PRICE CLAIMS

PARAGRAPH SEVENTEEN: The advertisements referred to in PARAGRAPH FOUR, including but not necessarily limited to the attached Exhibit L and Exhibits N through R, contain the following statements:

(a) "Pay as you go for just $9 a week, or lose all you want for just $49." (Exhibit L)

(b) "Lose all the weight you want for only a $185 service fee." (Exhibit N)

(c) "Jenny Craig was different. It didn't have any gimmicks. It's one set price. There wasn't any adding. It was honest. This was the truth. And I've checked every place." (Exhibit O)

(d) "Call the wrong weight loss program and you end up playing `Let's Make a Deal.' Some have hidden charges. Others, high administrative fees. And some even charge you by the pound. It's like they punish you just because you have to lose weight. At Jenny Craig, we charge you one low fee to lose all the weight you want. No gimmicks. No hidden charges. Jenny Craig. Where weight loss means losing weight. Not your bank account." (Exhibit P)

(e) "Most weight loss programs spend more time on their figures than yours. They figure out ways to hit you with administrative fees. Hidden charges. Some even charge you by the pound. It's like they're punishing you for losing weight. At Jenny Craig you can lose all the weight you want for one low service fee. No gimmicks. No hidden costs. Jenny Craig. Where you get thin. And your wallet doesn't." (Exhibit Q)

(f) "Our price is guaranteed. At Jenny Craig, we fervently adhere to one, often overlooked principle: Honesty. That's why our price is exactly what we say it is. No hidden costs. No deal-of-the-day. It's just one set price. And we'll even tell it to you over the phone. If all that doesn't sound too remarkable, try calling other programs and compare for yourself. Chances are you'll be very surprised at what they tell you. Or more likely, what they don't tell you." (Exhibit R)

PARAGRAPH EIGHTEEN: Through the use of the statements contained in the advertisements referred to in PARAGRAPH SEVENTEEN, including but not necessarily limited to the statements in the advertisements attached as Exhibits L and N-R, respondents have represented, directly or by implication, that the advertised price is the only cost associated with losing weight on the Jenny Craig Weight Loss Program.

PARAGRAPH NINETEEN: In truth and in fact, the advertised price is not the only cost associated with losing weight on the Jenny Craig Weight Loss Program. There are substantial additional mandatory expenses associated with participation in the Jenny Craig program that far exceed the advertised price. Therefore, the representation set forth in PARAGRAPH EIGHTEEN was, and is, false and misleading.

PARAGRAPH TWENTY: In their advertising and sale of the Jenny Craig Weight Loss Program, respondents have represented, directly or by implication, that the advertised price is the only cost associated with losing weight on the Jenny Craig Weight Loss Program. Respondents have failed to disclose adequately to consumers the existence and amount of all mandatory expenses associated with participation in the Jenny Craig program. This fact would be material to consumers in their purchase decisions regarding the program. The failure to disclose this fact, in light of the representation made, was, and is, a deceptive practice.

HEALTH RISKS CLAIMS

PARAGRAPH TWENTY-ONE: In the routine course and conduct of their business, respondents state:

(a) "In just a moment the computer will show you how safely and easily you are going to lose weight without feeling hungry. To put your mind at ease...we have a registered dietitian along with our medical consultant team to ensure that while your weight loss is easy, it is also 100% safe and hunger-free." (Suggested sales script for Jenny Craig tour guide)

(b) "Our Program provides a safe, easy weight loss that is personally supervised." ("Sample Telephone Script" contained in Jenny Craig Sales Manual)

(c) "Our experience has taught us that using drugs is neither safe nor permanent. Our program aims at more permanent weight loss results and it's 100% safe." ("Sample Telephone Script" contained in Jenny Craig Sales Manual)

PARAGRAPH TWENTY-TWO: In the routine course and conduct of their business, respondents provide their customers with diet protocols that require said customers, inter alia, to come in to a Jenny Craig Weight Loss Centre at least once a week for monitoring of their progress, including weighing in.

PARAGRAPH TWENTY-THREE: Through the use of the statements set forth in PARAGRAPH TWENTY-ONE, and through the conduct of the monitoring described in PARAGRAPH TWENTY-TWO, respondents have represented, directly or by implication, on an ongoing basis to each customer, that customers on respondents' weight loss program lose weight safely and do not experience an increased risk of developing health complications.

PARAGRAPH TWENTY-FOUR: In the course of regularly monitoring their customers' weight loss progress, respondents, in some instances, are presented with weight loss results indicating that a customer is losing weight significantly in excess of what would be expected, considering the daily caloric intake prescribed for that customer, which is an indication that the customer may not be consuming all of the calories prescribed by his or her diet protocol. Such conduct could, if prolonged, result in health complications associated with rapid weight loss.

PARAGRAPH TWENTY-FIVE: Respondents have failed to disclose, either in their advertising, at point of sale, or to individual customers losing weight too rapidly, that such weight loss, if prolonged, could result in health complications, including the development of gallbladder disease. This fact would be material to consumers in their purchase and use decisions regarding respondents' program.

PARAGRAPH TWENTY-SIX: In light of the representations set forth in PARAGRAPH TWENTY-THREE, respondents' failure to disclose that not consuming all of the calories prescribed by the diet protocol, if prolonged, could result in health complications, including the development of gallbladder disease, is a deceptive practice.

PARAGRAPH TWENTY-SEVEN: In providing the advertisements referred to in PARAGRAPH FOUR and the materials referred to in PARAGRAPH THIRTEEN and PARAGRAPH TWENTY-ONE to their individual franchised stores for the purpose of inducing consumers to purchase their weight loss services and products, respondents have furnished the means and instrumentalities to those stores to engage in the acts and practices alleged in PARAGRAPHS FIVE through TWENTY-SIX.

CUSTOMER SATISFACTION CLAIMS

PARAGRAPH TWENTY-EIGHT: The advertisements referred to in PARAGRAPH FOUR, including but not necessarily limited to the attached Exhibits S through V and Exhibit L, contain the following statements:

(a) "9 out of 10 Clients Would Recommend Jenny Craig.... When we asked our clients if they would recommend our program to their friends they gave us a resounding,

`Yes!' And we think that's the best advertising we could ever hope for. You probably know someone who's been successful on the Jenny Craig program. Call now and find out just how they did it." (Exhibit S)

(b) "86% liked the counseling...89% liked the program...And 94% would recommend us to a friend. National Survey of Jenny Craig Clients Oct-Dec 1991. Now what could be more impressive than that?" (Exhibit T)

(c) "The other day I saw a commercial that said nine out of ten Jenny Craig clients would recommend Jenny Craig to their friends. Nine out of ten. Which got me to thinking..." (Exhibit U)

(d) "National Survey of Jenny Craig Clients

Oct-Dec 1991

Percentage of Jenny Craig clients responding `completely satisfied' or `very satisfied':

  • With the overall Jenny Craig program 89%
  • With the weekly personal counseling sessions 87%
  • With the friendliness of the Jenny Craig staff 91%
  • That would recommend the program to a friend 94%

YOU'RE PROBABLY WONDERING WHAT ELSE WE COULD POSSIBLY DO TO IMPRESS YOU." (Exhibit V)

(e) "In fact, 9 out of 10 Jenny Craig clients would recommend Jenny Craig to their friends." (Exhibit L)

PARAGRAPH TWENTY-NINE: Through the use of the statements contained in the advertisements referred to in PARAGRAPH TWENTY-EIGHT, including but not necessarily limited to the statements in the advertisements attached as Exhibits S-V and L, respondents have represented, directly or by implication, that competent and reliable studies or surveys show that ninety percent or more of Jenny Craig customers would recommend the Jenny Craig Weight Loss Program.

PARAGRAPH THIRTY: In truth and in fact, competent and reliable studies or surveys do not show that ninety percent or more of Jenny Craig customers would recommend the Jenny Craig Weight Loss Program. Therefore, the representation set forth in PARAGRAPH TWENTY-NINE was, and is, false and misleading.

PARAGRAPH THIRTY-ONE: Through the use of the statements contained in the advertisements referred to in PARAGRAPH TWENTY-EIGHT, including but not necessarily limited to the statements in the advertisements attached as Exhibits S-V and L, respondents have represented, directly or by implication, that ninety percent or more of Jenny Craig customers would recommend the Jenny Craig Weight Loss Program.

PARAGRAPH THIRTY-TWO: Through the use of the statements contained in the advertisements referred to in PARAGRAPH FOUR, including but not necessarily limited to the statements in the advertisements attached as Exhibits S-V and L, respondents have represented, directly or by implication, that at the time they made the representations set forth in PARAGRAPHS TWENTY-NINE and THIRTY-ONE, respondents possessed and relied upon a reasonable basis that substantiated such representations.

PARAGRAPH THIRTY-THREE: In truth and in fact, at the time they made the representations set forth in PARAGRAPHS TWENTY-NINE and THIRTY-ONE, respondents did not possess and rely upon a reasonable basis that substantiated such representations. Therefore, the representation set forth in PARAGRAPH THIRTY-TWO was, and is, false and misleading.

PARAGRAPH THIRTY-FOUR: The acts and practices of respondents as alleged in this complaint constitute unfair or deceptive acts or practices and the making of false advertisements in or affecting commerce in violation of Sections 5(a) and 12 of the Federal Trade Commission Act.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Federal Trade Commission has caused this amended complaint to be signed by its Secretary and its official seal to be hereto affixed at Washington, D.C. this nineteenth day of February, 1998.

By the Commission, Chairman Pitofsky recused and Commissioner Azcuenaga not participating.

Donald S. Clark
Secretary